Limitation on national and international transport law stands out from the limitation relating to other civil law relations on the one hand very tight deadlines, the other special rules for the suspension of the period. What's more, individual acts regulating the right to transport these terms are significantly different from each other. Okay so systematized knowledge in this field.
The Civil Code
Although sometimes forgets about it, contract of carriage in its basic form is governed by the provisions of the Civil Code art. 774-793. The agreement described in the Code is, however, quite marginal and relate almost exclusively to transport a horse. This does not mean, that the provisions of the Code do not apply. By virtue of art. 90 transport law Civil Code is the appropriate use of the transportation law matters not (np. provisions of the consequences of the lack of objections to the shipment at the time of its adoption for the transport or the carrier's liability for valuables). This does not apply art. 793 k.c. relating to the limitation, which is, that the claim under the contract of carriage of goods shall expire after year from the date of delivery, and in case of total loss or late delivery - from, when it should have been delivered.
Transport Law
Somewhat different question of limitation is regulated by the transport law, which is used in all except for domestic air, maritime and equestrian. The basic limitation period provided for in art. 77 paragraph. 1 is every rok. Depending on the cause of action are different, however, the date of commencement of limitation periods. These are m.in. in case of loss of the goods – day, which could be considered eligible for a lost shipment, in case of loss, failure or delay in delivery - the day of issue in the case of shipping damage which could not be seen from the outside of the protocol on the determination of injury. After a much shorter period of time because only the two months limitation of claims for delay in the carriage, which did not cause damage to the consignment.
Short periods of limitation in some way compensates for the rule laid down in art. 77 paragraph. 4 pr. wire., according to which the statute of limitation suspended for a period from the date of the claim reply to the claim, and return the documents attached to the complaint, but not longer than the period provided for the settlement of a complaint or for 3 months (according to art. 75 paragraph. 2 pr. wire.). There is the doctrine of the view, that if you send a complaint via the maximum period 3 months should be extended by the time between sending the complaint, and its delivery to the carrier. In the only judgment in this matter issued by the Court of Appeal in Katowice on 11.04.1996 r. (ref. Akt I ACR 158/96) not shared, however this position.
CMR Convention
Limitation of actions against the carrier in the CMR Convention differs significantly from the provisions of the Polish transport law, Although the primary annual similarity suggests that the limitation period for both control. The main difference is already visible in the scope of the limitation periods prescribed in the Convention. The provision of Article. 32 paragraph. 1 Convention provides for, that are subject to annual limitations claim, which may arise out of carriage under the Convention. Literal wording of the provision indicates, that it is not only for claims resulting from the Convention, but of all claims, that may appear on the background of the transport, which is subject to the Convention. In a number of foreign judgments is therefore assumed, that the period prescribed in art. 32 paragraph. 1 Convention also includes a claim in tort (np. orzeczenie Commercial Court of Antwerp z 30.06.2000 r.) or on account of unjust enrichment (np. wyrok District Court for z dnia Ziviltrchtssachen Graz 05.04.2000 r.). Meanwhile, in the case of the Polish transport law is no doubt, It provided that the limitation period applies only to claims arising from the contract of carriage of traffic rights.
Otherwise regulates the commencement of the limitation period. In case of partial loss of the goods, damage or delay in delivery run begins on the date of shipment, in the event of total loss - from the thirtieth day after the expiry of the agreed delivery date (and when the date was not agreed by 60 days after taking over) while in all other cases from the end of the 3-month period from the date of the contract of carriage. This latter term refers particularly claims of carriers for payment of freightage.
The relatively short periods of limitation shall not apply to situations, when the claim is based on intent or gross negligence of the carrier - in this case the limitation period is three years. Extending the period of limitation may also occur upon a complaint by an authorized. According to the art. 32 paragraph. 3 Convention written claim shall suspend the limitation period until the day, the carrier rejects the claim in writing and return the documents attached to it. Because the provision does not state the maximum period of suspension, is assumed, that the suspension may be indefinite, and thus, even many years after the events it is possible to submit an effective claim. This position is confirmed by the judgment of the Supreme Court of 22.11.2007 r. ref. Akt III CSK 150/07.
Thus, while in the case of the CMR Convention allow for a substantial extension of the limitation period, so far its consequences are much more serious than in the national law. First of all, according to art. 32 paragraph. 4 limitation that the court has a duty to take account of the office, claim is barred because it can not be lifted by an authorized. Moreover, the claim is barred - unlike in the Polish law – can not be presented for the deduction or reported as an allegation.
The COTIF / CIM
Regulations relating to the limitation contained in Annex B to the Convention containing Uniform Rules COTIF Contract for International Carriage of Goods by Rail (CIM) are similar to those in the CMR Convention. In this case, there is no doubt, that the periods of limitation provided for in art. 48 CIM apply only to claims arising from the same contract of carriage. The basic limitation period is every rok, and its course starts on different dates, depending on the type of claim: from the thirtieth day after the date of delivery in case of total loss of the consignment, from the date of shipment in the event of partial loss, damage to, or exceed delivery date, and from the date the claim in all other cases. The term is, however, increased to two years m.in. in case of damage caused by an act or omission committed either with intent to cause damage, or recklessly and with knowledge that damage would probably result.
Suspension of limitation period according to the rules analogous to the CMR Convention - as a result of a written complaint authorized - and lasts until the day, where the carrier refused to recognize the written complaint and requested documents attached to it. Similar effects are also the existence of limitation - the inability to pursue the claim or complaint to make deductions or.
Air Conventions
Both conventions Airlines - Montreal (in art. 35) and Warsaw (in art 29) - Govern the limitation of actions against the carrier in the same way. This term is two years and runs from the date of arrival at destination or from the date, where the aircraft was scheduled to arrive, or of detention, transportation and the method of calculating the term is defined by the law of the court, seised. The effect of the expiry of that deadline is a lapse of the right to claim, at the court hearing the case must be considered from the office.
Concluding Remarks
In cases involving allegations of damage limitation in transport often appear. Often, however, does not take into account the fact, that the limitation periods especially in the international conventions can be significantly extended by making the complaint. Before raising the plea of limitation it is so sure, that all conditions have been completed cessation of the suspension gear (in particular whether the requested documents submitted with the claim, what sometimes is forgotten). This way you can avoid basing strategy on the ground, which is doomed to failure.
or maybe by chance you know the length of the limitation period for damages claims against the carrier passenger loticznego (Regulation 261/2004) when the English law is applicable.
Unfortunately, I do not know the applicable limitation period in the British law governing air transport – I'll try to find something soon. The main problem lies in the fact, that he did not know, whether the period of limitation shall be determined in accordance with national law. Flight because the subject under the Montreal Convention of two years period of limitation. Because the relationship between claims of Regulation 261/2004 and the Montreal Convention are not yet entirely clear (ECJ clarifies only specific issues), at the moment it is difficult to determine, whether you should take into account the period of limitation of national law or convention. These doubts were the reason the request of a Spanish court ruling 21.03.2011 r. w sprawie C-139/11 Joan Cuadrench More vs Royal Airlines NV (KLM). Given the pace of the treatment of cases by the ECJ, answer to this question we will probably only for about. 2 years.
More recently, the ECJ are several important questions concerning the rights of passengers, but more on that in one of the next entries 🙂
Hello
And what is the situation in the event of a claim to the carrier or freight forwarder? On the one hand, Article. 77 transport laws and other Articles. 804 kc. While national transport apparently occurred to the injury (slight damage to the goods). The sender has paid the compensation recipient, This directs the claim to the carrier that after the complaint Poster pay compensation, and directs the claim to the carrier, which is only now (almost one and a half years after the alleged injury) learns about the event. Article Termin z. 77 undoubtedly has expired, but what about the term of art. 804 kc? Freight Forwarder whether the claim is indeed barred?
In my view, art. 77 transport law precludes the application of Article. 804 kc – accordance with Article. 90 transport law rules of the Civil Code shall apply to matters not only in transportation law, and the question of limitation is regulated in detail. From this point of view, the claim against the carrier's freight forwarder, with which the shipper has entered into a contract of carriage, would be barred. Indeed, this is just one of the problems associated with the described claim. First, why the sender shall pay compensation recipient, since under Article. 548 in conjunction. z art. 544 k.c. the recipient bears the risk of damage in transit. Secondly, why the shipper does not defend itself against a claim broadcasters claim, that is not at fault in the selection.
However, it can be, that some of these problems disappear, if – which very likely – Freight forwarder but it was not the contracting carrier, because the contract with the client agreed to transport and not to its organization. Then the carrier would have described the history of the subcontractor, would apply Article. 78 pr. wire., and the claim would be barred. Contracting carrier also bear responsibility for the damage regardless of the lack of guilt in the selection. The only problem would be to meet a claim for an unauthorized person – in case the recipient is entitled to charge, and not the sender. This problem could, however, removed by transfer of debts between the recipient and sender.
Thank you for your quick response and interest
Status forwarder really not sure. The only document order is shipping, where in general obligations of the parties have not provided (not indicated whether it is the transport or arrange transport) only limited to an indication of the parties, loading and unloading, and reference was made to the General Conditions of Forwarding. However, as the shipper in the letters given for the shipper to treat it as such.
As for the rest of the Lord is indeed a strange question, the sender that the recipient has paid, strange that the shipper has not freed itself from liability under 799 kc, but the question is whether it can help in some way in the current situation? Can I buy the claim that the shipper is not the entity entitled to claim compensation?
And my next question is whether the complaint Poster (assume that the shipper is a freight forwarder) it is possible to complete omission of the carrier? (carrier finds out about the case when the transfer has already taken two: sender - the recipient, remover - a broadcaster).
I have a question about interruption of the limitation period. Any action in court stops them. Do you as an intermediary (contracting carrier or freight forwarder) I think the carrier lose, makes a claim to the payer, This time trial is the carrier suspends the statute of limitation and vice versa, the time trial of the principal suspends the statute of limitation to the carrier?
At first glance it looks like a contract of carriage. Because I do not know what the general conditions for forwarding the link order – Thu OPWS 2010? However, if the matter is beneficial, really not worth it to challenge the status. So as I wrote – if the claim is actually coming forwarder, claim is barred.
As to the remaining allegations – when forwarder was not obliged to pay compensation, no right now to demand it from the carrier. And as for complaints procedure – it is independent of the shipper and the carrier. The mere fact, however,, Freight paid compensation that is not equivalent to the, that there was damage in the transport – shipper would have to prove it. One more question – If the reception is not specified, that has been damaged, all claims against the carrier shall be extinguished.
Prescription is interrupted only in relation to the subject, against whom action was taken. Furthermore, in these situations as I understand the other party takes actions, because the only freight forwarder in one case there is a reason.
Why only in relation to the entity against whom action was taken? the wording of Article. 123 point it appears that any action directly before the court to establish or pursue the claim (does not say that against the debtor). Such that. require someone to pay claims (np. compensation) as an intermediary, I agree with the other party if it exists.
Refers to activities directly aimed to establish or pursue the claim. The very fact, in other proceedings that the court finds, claim that there is another entity to the intermediary, not apparent, that there are claims against the subcontractor broker. Obviously this is one of the conditions, but does not automatically establish its claims against the subcontractor. This means that, that the matter of the injured person is not a matter directly aimed to establish a claim against the subcontractor. Moreover, as I understand the agent for damages is the defendant, So it does not take actions in order to establish a claim, but the other party.
Opposition is an action in court.? Application for deduction of charges shall be the act establishing the amount of the claim and its merits? While aware of the fact, claim that one does not cause the occurrence of the second. Just wondering how in such a case should proceed. The facts are the same. I have to think of a carrier which does not recognize the charge, while the principal, also that it does not recognize? If I am to think only of one side of it before the case is over a claim against the other side get out of date.
It is difficult to recognize objects, whose essence is to defend against the claims of the plaintiff, as an operation aimed to establish a claim against another person. As for the question of limitation of claims against the subcontractor – actually in Polish law it is not solved and the agent is preferably in the uncomfortable situation, when questioning the claims against each other, of caution must simultaneously address the claim against the other side. CMR Convention in this case is preferable because it has the limitation period for the effective date of the judgment against one of the carriers or from the date compensation. Polish regulations say about 6 months from the date of remedy or action against the carrier main, depending on, whichever is earlier.
In my view, carriers and freight forwarders are not so different than driving out to compromise zawezwań – it costs only 40 zł, and interrupts the limitation period.
CMR Convention speaks of successive carriers so in this case is applicable pr. wire. That is always better to give zleceniodawceę to court and how to lose it (repair the damage) if a subcontractor (carrier). But what if the client has the right, in our opinion. To judge from the carrier must first suffer loss which is usually to pay the principal. This is what we pay first and then call to compromise?
To call for a compromise agreement does not need to meet any conditions, and the court did not examine whether the claim is. To sue its subcontractors, moreover, it does not need to pre-pay the principal – this detail will be in the next post, which still appear today on the blog.
Son 30 year-old who has a disability certificate from the Municipal Team for. Decide on Disability – a moderate degree of, treated as a child psychiatrist, without the right to a pension. He drove a bus in Toruń MZK 2010 r on to reduced ticket, without knowing it, that even such a relief from the Disability Team no longer entitled to anyone outside of a large degree of. Controller checking tickets did not consider the translation, that he knew nothing about the relief that was taken on a ticket. This he wrote out of date already standing, as if it was going in general without any ticket. Son after the incident was already in a psychiatric hospital twice and has not paid so far this mandate. It came to him for payment of the debt collection letter with a large mandate of interest. Son can not afford to pay, and I do not have to pay you. because I keep itself only with disability and I have to keep 14 year-old daughter with a disability. We all spend a lot of money on drugs, treatment and rehabilitation. Son recently very often loses consciousness and so far the doctors did not know the cause. It is registered to a neurologist just in March. Internist doctor suspects , that may have a brain tumor, He also treated with an endocrinologist, cardiologist, hepatologa. We of 14 old daughter also have a lot of serious diseases, inter alia, breast cancer. Therefore, I have a question, lawyer if he could give me free advice, I can do, to the son canceled the payment with interest for a ticket. At the same time inform, that the son does not live with me, and only the village. As it was not in the house I with the keys to his apartment I found the letters from debt collection company, and when you arrive to your home przedzwoniłam to the company and asked them what was going on with this call, because his son did not have the no contact. As I said, there's something I said, that son of a psychiatric cure and from what I remember it was supposed once admitted to a place with reduced ticket was canceled and did not know that already he is not entitled to such relief. ( It was not at all written in the scriptures)
Please free advice as soon as possible, really because I can not afford any fees. They often do not know, or buy drugs, or pay for my apartment and other charges, or buy something to eat. If I had to pay for advice then please do not send me tips.
Please reply as soon as possible within the capabilities and warmly greet the entire team of lawyers.
PS.
Forgot to write, that the son is called Mariusz Zalewski Marian Zalewski and not as stated in these letters. Controller wrote him a card with no ID card, which he had with him. I before Christmas I called this company ,, STATIMA” and asked to do what the call, because his son had not had contact and I told them, that the son does not have this name, I think something that does not agree, but they gave me a date of birth that is agreed and ordered that regulate, I, unfortunately, has not paid, I do not have the money, which, therefore, can make? (Son since then deletes the normal ticket) Is it that I called there could somehow harm her son ?
I can send such attachments:
1) Przedsądowe call for payment
2) the total amount of
3) liability for payment
4) notification
If the event took place in 2010 r., Please do not pay mandate, a company which reported after the deductible, that the claim is time-barred – the limitation period for such claims is one year. They should give it a rest.
Dear Sir.
I have a question concerning the implementation of the transport service for the foreign contractor. Have performed for the transport of food (frozen -20 `C). During unloading - the recipient - said too hot commodity. (-7 do –11`C) Recipient (payer at the same time the transport is made) was entered at a temperature in the CMR consignment note. Goods was adopted and there was no indication, will say that after a year with us, on behalf of the recipient, insurance. Over the next few months, despite, I still worked with the customer and have performed for the transports, did not inform us about it, on his behalf that ask us insurance company. The Company (the originator and recipient of the goods at the same time) We are at the time of settlement and transport for all invoices have been paid to us. At the same time we have contact with the cargo exporter. He also was paid for the goods and did not get any information about the damage to the goods. Now came forward on behalf of the insurance company. Should we agree to a settlement proposed by the insurance company?
I would appreciate the advice.
@ Gabrys
The facts are too complicated, to answer clearly. A lot depends on the circumstances and the analysis of documents. Please contact via e-mail.
Witam Pana!
I have a question about submitting a claim for payment of compensation the transport.
I know that the petition must be accompanied by all necessary attachments on the important. Such attachment is definitely an agreement between the parties. But in the transport contracts often take the form of, I call “electronic” ie. contractor sent by e-mail to sign an agreement, which the contractor received the prints, sign, scan and send e-mail feedback. And back to the question, or print the received from the contractor and the contract signed by him will be sufficient evidence for the court? Could the fact that the contract should be documented completely different?
And one more question, I attach to the application a copy thereof and a copy of all attachments. How it should look like in practice. Do I have to do a copy (Photocopying) and for each to confirm the copy of the original, But if I must at this point take advantage of the services of a solicitor. A court may confirm himself in Momence submit their compliance dokumenów?
Regards M. Grabowski
@ Michal
E-mails are normally sufficient. You can always call witnesses. You can confirm the same.
Hello,
I have a question – if you can claim compensation for the cancellation of a domestic flight under Regulation 261/2004 (in the amount of 250 euro per passenger)?
What is the limitation period for such flights?
Do you think that the art. 35 Montreal Convention on the Limitation Period in question if this is a limitation period for which could indicate the formulation “right to damages shall be extinguished”?
Thank you in advance for your answer.
@ JW
EU Court of Justice pointed out many times, that claims resulting from the regulation are not the same claims, enjoyed by the Montreal Convention, Thus the provisions of the Montreal Convention in this case I did not use. While I agree, that the limitation period in this convention differs from Polish institutions limitation and indeed the court should take into account ex officio.
hello,
Please let us know what is the time to submit a complaint to the carrier ( in respect of damage ) transports national and międzynarodwych ?
Please also let us know the delay shipment.
At that paragraphs can be invoked by submitting a complaint to the carrier ?
I received damaged goods , international transport , delivery in November.
Can we still send complaints to the carrier ?
Hello, please let me know whether CMR is currently used to transport in the EU while both parties to the contract are the member states. Quest is based in the Czech Republic, Poland carrier. Carriage from Polish to the Czech Republic and other EU countries. Is the evil intention of the contracting authority – at the beginning of cooperation pay invoices, at some point stopped being commissioned another travel on for a few months will have accumulated about. 30 unpaid invoices for carriage – may prolong the period of limitation for 3 years ????. Purchaser assured, would pay for over a year. Limitation period expired. Could it be, it was a bad intention (fraud) accordance with Article 32 paragraph. 1 CMR ?? Ww. provision does not, that malice can only refer to the carrier ?? Are you against CMR is possible to interrupt the limitation period by recognizing a claim ?
Hello!
I have a question concerning the limitation of the claim with respect to the carrier freight forwarder in international transport. Is such a claim is barred on the date indicated in Article. 804 KC or according to the CMR Convention ?
@ Mic34woj
Evil intention does not refer at all to the carrier claims for payment of remuneration. Each time while the promise of payment should be treated as an acknowledgment of the claim, which interrupts the limitation period.
@ Michal
In my opinion, the provision of Article. 804 k.c. concerns the recourse of the shipper, and thus such, that arise after repairing the injury or refer to the claims. The very structure of the provision raises serious doubts, but przyjąłbym, that when it comes to complete any of the conditions of its use, ie. remedy or to bring an action, have accepted the term of this provision. In other cases, I would use the CMR Convention.
Hello,
the carrier has done for us, a transport service. Since that time has passed 10 months. It was necessary for loading pallet exchange. Pallets unfortunately not mentioned / cast on loading. Whether the case is already out of date or can I apply for a refund of the cost of pallets (record appears on the order of return of pallets or pallet reimbursement)? Time after which the carrier may avoid punishment citing the load limitation?
@ BartekM
The period of limitation shall be one year, So in this situation, it is possible to assert claims arising from the lack of exchange of pallets.
Then what is your view on the choice of the period of limitation claims of Regulation 261/2004, the judgment of the ECJ, C-139/11. I would be grateful for an answer and a brief justification.
@ Limitation of claims
In my opinion, art should be used here. 778 k.c. and the resulting annual limitation period, because the law does not regulate freight transport lotnicznych, and air law to the question of limitation does not apply, the claim described in the regulation are outside the scope of the Warsaw Convention and the Montreal defining limitation periods in air transport.
Hello,
please let me know, or annual period overdue claims under the contract of carriage resulting from par.792 KC also applies to interest on invoices for transportation services ? I mean, the customer pays for a few years for us to invoice date and we would like to put him to note the interest paid invoices. Can we charge interest for the last 3 years or for 1 year ?
Thank you for your help.
@ Renata
The claim for payment of interest has a different character than the claim for payment of the principal amount. So if the invoice has been paid for the carriage of, but after the deadline – or even within, but 30 days of receipt of evidence of the carriage (accordance with the Act on payment periods in commercial transactions) – One can demand payment of interest within 3 years with interest being barred for each day separately.
Hi, I have an interesting question for payments in transport. Currently, most transport companies are smaller or larger Firms, that work with multitude of subcontractors.
Question:
– If forwarding during its operation will borrow from its subcontractors, carriers and will not be able to repay its obligations whether carriers or subcontractor for the reimbursement of outstanding payments for shipments made earlier will be able to apply directly to companies for which these transports were performed? I mean the customers orders shipping company / forwarding.
It seems to me, that is a recipe in an old freight transport / transport, which regulates exactly.
When the freight forwarder is not able to settle its obligations, a contractor for their regulation may apply directly to the customer freight forwarder, despite the fact that the outstanding amount has already been paid once leveraged forwarder.
– Jaki art. transport law / regulates transport?
Thank you for the information.
@ Bukasz
As a rule, this is not possible. The only possibility relates to claims against the recipient's carrier, while in international transport is also conditional upon the entry charges to the bill of lading. In addition, there is a dispute as to the, which carrier has the right to require payment of freight from the consignee – whether the first, if the last.
Hello,
I read above, that the claim against the carrier for outstanding Euro pallets barred after one year. And when you travel are the sender przedawninia stsosunku Euro pallets to transport company. Unofficially know, that the sender can request a refund is not received, or not registered pallets within 3 years after completion of the transport.
I'll be grateful for your response
Regards
@ Pallets Euro
If the clearing pallets because of a contract of carriage, claim against the carrier associated with this action is not brought within one year.
Hello,
Thanks for your answer. If it comes to transport, I know. But I'm interested in the sender, who send their goods through the transport company for Euro pallets. Can it over 3 years to demand the return of pallets, ( in my case, the palette is not registered with 2012 years)have not been received from its customers, or have not been registered in the system?
@ Pallets Euro
But from whom would require these pallets? From the carrier? If the carrier, This term is 1 year. As regards the recipient, This period depends on the type of contract, concluded by the parties – it can be 2 or 3 years.
Hello,
the client has signed an agreement with the transport company, therefore demands the return pallets 2012 year just from the company.
@ Pallets Euro
Since the obligation to exchange pallets is a component of the contract of carriage, claims expire after one year.
And how do you have qualified claims arising from the contract for the implementation of national and international transport? Pages ( 2 transport companies) agreed with her on the rate, but the principal routinely broke the treaty provisions, arranging transport carrier below rates. In this respect arises claim for damages to the payer, but the limitation period shall be calculated in accordance with the Civil Code in general ( 2 years from job, – 3 generally the period from 118), or maybe the statutory provisions, where the rate applicable to the carriage from cmru or transport law when it is a national – year?
It seems to me, that 6 month time limit for claims between carriers or carrier and freight forwarder will probably not apply here.
Please write as you think.
@ Magda
In my opinion, there should rather seek redress with the terms of limitation under the law of lading and relevant Convention – So you would have to check each, whether the transport was being national or international. No, I would use a 6-month limitation period, as these apply only recourse of the damage relating to compensation.
Hello,
As a company organized international transport forwarding in early June 2014 r. Today I received from the carrier charge for parking cars at the loading. After more than 2 months, we may charge for parking ? What legal basis in this case to apply ?
Thanks in advance for your answer
@ Bartosz
Claim for the vehicle is stationary on the loading is not regulated or transport law, nor the CMR Convention, but by the law applicable to the contract of carriage – in this case, probably with Polish law and the Civil Code. Load after 2 It is therefore possible months.
old topic, but I just need. zajrzałam do art. 793 kc and there is written, that the claims are barred after 6 months, rather than after a year. if anything has changed since the time of writing this post, or something I read not?
whether a provision to extend the limitation period WDL. CMR Convention 3 years in the case of willful also applies to freight payment or just compensation for damage caused by the carrier. Please advise.
@ Maximum
It applies only to the carrier's liability, and not its claims for payment of freight.
welcome back. and can you give us the exact article is talking about it? 34 CMR?
@ Maximum
There is no direct provision, who is talking about it, but not in the case law, or legal doctrine does not dispute this topic – all clearly indicate, that extended the term applies only to claims against the carrier.
Hello,
thank you very much for your answer. My questions stem from the fact that it was preparing on this thesis. I'd like to support some case law, You give me an example? Please help
@ Maximum
In Poland, there is almost no case law on this topic. Please look in the monograph of CMR Krzysztof Wesolowski.
Can you suggest to me the way to the interruption or suspension of the limitation period for a claim for freight transport relative to Lithuanian? Lithuanian law applies. We would like to avoid at this moment to bring action. ??? Are there any other efficient forms??? Is bringing a lawsuit to the wrong court in this case the gear break Polish??? Thanks in advance.
@ Michael
And where was the transport where?
from Spain to Lithuania.
@ Michael
Claim to the Polish court will be effective only if the other party does not challenge the jurisdiction. If he does, and the court rejects lawsuit, it will be ineffective, so you do not break the limitation period. It remains only a lawsuit in Lithuania or in Spain, unless the court entered an additional party to the agreement.
Hello,
I checked in this monograph Wesolowski, I can not find confirmation of this theory, that the limitation period does not apply to freight. Please help, otherwise you may interpret the information contained in the book or tell you exactly where to look for it.
Sir Paul, Please hint in the. I carried out the transport of fresh fruit from Polish to the Netherlands. On loading it turned out, that this fruit is not fresh, what was reported and the shipping and customer, but they told him to charge. The Netherlands has enough fruit to ferment, that the recipient does not want to accept it and I had to return the goods to Polish. I reported it to the insurance company of your own ocp, but the insurer did not see any of this was my fault and refused to pay compensation. Now I got a debit note from shipping, because the customer had to sell the fruit at a lower price, and now he wants me to I tied him to a loss. I will only add, insisted that the client, that there was something wrong with my cold store. I sent all the prints of the thermograph and the temperature was kept the same as in the order. In addition, the week before I was a semi-trailer on the review and issued me a certificate of service, that everything was fine. Prompt me if I can just refer forwarding this note, and it does not pay (forwarding client note issued, and forwarding me), because in the end it was not my fault, as confirmed by the liquidator of the damage from the insurance company? I do not want to incur the cost for something, which is not the result of my mistakes. How can we best resolve the situation?
Thank you in advance for your answer and best regards.
Hello,
whether Article 32 Cmr convection causes the extinguishment of claims?
@ Maximum
Please then check the other available literature, eg. comments or monograph Thomas Szanciło.
@ Geto
So
Thanks for your reply
Hello, 3 years ago I got a ticket for the lack of a ticket in the amount of 240 PLN and misplaced it somewhere. Throughout 3 years, no I did not get a warning. Yesterday came to me and told me the bailiff that I have to pay more than 600 PLN. There is no chance that I met such amount. Can I get it somehow.? Appeal.?
@ Mandate MPK
Claims mandate expire after one year, but if the bailiff came, this means, earlier that the case went to court. You need to determine, whether the court properly delivered the order for payment. If you do not, You can try to fight.
Hello,
jak wygląda kwestia przedawnienia odsetek w przypadku przewozu międzynarodowego -do którego ma zastosowanie Konwencja CMR? I w jaki sposób należy je liczyć?
Chodzi o sytuację, w której faktura za dokonanie przewozu została zapłacona, jednak nie zostały zapłacone odsetki.
Hello,
chciałabym uzyskać informację czy jest określony termin w jakim należałoby złożyć reklamację do przewoźnika z tytułu uszkodzenia, loss, disappearance.
@ Alexander
Odsetki przedawniają się w terminie przewidzianym przez prawo właściwe dla danej umowy. W przypadku prawa polskiego będą to 3 years.
@ Monika
W przypadku uszkodzenia i ubytku, jeśli są widoczne, należy zgłosić przy odbiorze. Jeśli są niewidoczne, within 7 days. W przypadku zaginięcia liczy się tylko termin przedawnienia – nie ma terminu na zgłoszenie roszczeń.
Welcome,
Po przeczytaniu powyższego nasuwa mi się zatem pytanie:
jeśli np przewoźnik X wystawił fakturę Zleceniodawcy Z dnia 01.01.2014 r. z odroczonym terminem płatności na dzień 14.01.2014 r. czyli de facto roczny termin przedawnienia biegnie od 15.01.2014 r.
Zawarcie umowy przewozu nastąpiło 01.12.2013 r.
However,, zgodnie z Konwencją zaczyna się począwszy od upływu trzymiesięcznego terminu od dnia zawarcia umowy przewozu.
Zatem:
1) data faktury oraz termin jej zapłaty nie ma znaczenia dla przedawnienia roszczeń na gruncie CMR?;
2) co kryje pod pojęciem umowy przewozu. Może być to zlecenie przewozu?;
3) w podanej wyżej sprawie, termin przedawnienia zacznie biec zatem od 01.03.2014 r. i zakończy się 01.03.2014 r.?
@ Joanna
Istotnie, data faktury i termin płatności nie mają znaczenia przy przewozie podlegającemu Konwencji CMR. Zlecenie przewozu to właśnie umowa przewozu. Termin przedawnienia w tym wypadku liczy się rzeczywiście od 01.03.2014 r.
Hello Sir Paul
mam podobną sytuacje
przewoźnik wykonała transport jednak nie dopilnował żeby na miejscu ktoś podbił i podpisał CMR. Dokumenty poszły do zleceniodawcy a on odesłał wszystko, twierdząc iż oznacza to że towar nie został odebrany. Poinformowaliśmy o tym przewoźnika , który zobowiązał się do dostarczenia podpisanej CMR do 3 days. Odesłaliśmy mu CMR oraz fakturę i po roku i 1 miesiącu od rozładunku zamiast przysłać podpisany CMR przysłał fakturę z wezwaniem.
Ja osobiście sama kilka razy prosiłam go, żeby załatwił tą sprawę z tą CMR jednak bezskutecznie a teraz żąda zapłaty za fakturę oczywiście CMR nie dosłał.
Zleceniodawca twierdzi, iż bez podpisanej CMR nie może rozliczyć tego w US
Nie wiem czy powinnam pozwać Zleceniodawcę choć on również odesłał mi dokumenty czekając na poprawę
proszę o podpowiedź
@ Gabir
Jeśli istnieją inne dowody dostarczenia przesyłki, brak podpisanego listu przewozowego nie stanowi przeszkody do dochodzenia wynagrodzenia za przewóz. Zleceniodawca może jednak domagać się odszkodowania za szkody, które poniósł przez to, że dokumentów mu nie dostarczono.
Thank you for the quick reply
nie ma żadnego dokumentu który by wskazywał na to że towar został odebrany
@ Gabir
To nie musi być dokument. Wystarczy jakikolwiek dowód – choćby zeznania świadków. A w tym wypadku znamienna jest dodatkowo okoliczność, że nie zgłoszono reklamacji z tytułu zaginięcia towaru, co stwarza domniemanie, że dotarł on na miejsce.
Hello, I have a question on what date barred the claim for compensation from the insurer for the loss of OCP. The damage occurred in transportation in the country and almost a year appraiser assesses the case. Or 3 years or a year?
@ Mary
Zgodnie z kodeksem cywilnym roszczenie do zakładu ubezpieczeń przedawnia się po 3 latach i biegnie dopiero od poinformowania przez ubezpieczyciela o odmowie wypłaty odszkodowania. Warto pamiętać, że w przypadku ubezpieczeń oferowanych przez Lutza jest inaczej, gdyż są one oparte na prawie austriackim.
hello, mam pytanie dot. wezwania do zapłaty od firmy statima z 12.14. kwota ok 285 zł, tytułem niezapłaconej opłaty dodatkowej wraz z ustawowymi odsetkami oraz opłatą za przzewóz. wcześniej bo w lipcu dostałam pierwsze wezwanie, gdzie umieszczony był harmonogram spłat na raty…. – ta sama kwota..jednocześnie ztm zawiadamiało mnie że wszelkie spłaty winny być dokonywane na rzecz kanc. statima katowice. i teraz tak: dostałam również wezwanie do zapłaty rok wcześniej na kwotę ok 654 z ostrzeżeniem o możliwości przekazania info do rej dłuzników big i nastepnie w grudniu 2013 otrzymałam oczywiście takie powiadomienie ze jestem wpisana do tego rejestru… jednakże wraz z tym dokumentem o wpisie do rejestru otrzymałam stan zadłużenia i wymienione protokoły oraz daty zdarzenia i tak: pierwsze było w kwietniu 2006 years |(opisane jako jazda bez ważnego biletu) a drugie 05 2006 . kwota za jedno i drugie 654,05. szczerze nie odpowiedziałąm zna żadne z wezwań – dokumenty znalazłam przez przypadek. czy przedawnienie liczy sie rok od zdarzenia czyli od maj 2006 czy rok od ostatniego wezwania do zapłaty tj. od dnia w którym terminowo powinnam uiścić kwotę, tj. od grudzień 2014?
jeszcze jedno prosze również o podanie art prawnych na jakie mogę się powołać przy powiadomieniu o przedawnieniu tej sprawy, thank you in advance
@ try
Jeśli w międzyczasie nie wystąpiono do sądu, sprawa jest przedawniona. Liczy się od daty wymagalności roszczenia czyli od 2006 r.
Hello
Prosze o informację kiedy przedawnia się taki temat.
Zostaliśmy obciążeni notą po upływie 10 miesięcy od wykonania usługi za palety które nie zostały pobrane przez naszą firmę z miejsca rozładunku natomiast firma spedycjna twierdzi iż palety zostały odebrane przez naszego kierowcę .Usługa dotyczyła dostarczenia towaru wraz z paletami dla klienta w EU i palety pozostały na miejscu rozładunku.Czy firma spedycjna po upływie 10 miesięcy może żądać zapłaty notą za palety i skierować sprawę do sądu wiadomo wówczas będziemy się bronić swoimi dokumentami tylko proszę o informację po jakim czasie przedawnia się taka sprawa.Dziękuję za odpowiedz
@ Monika
Roszczenia dotyczące rozliczenia palet w związku z wykonywaniem umowy przewozu przedawniają się po 1 years.
Pytanko : If you have any long from over 3 years , but bought by a law firm, which received in August 2013 the payment order in writ proceedings (fv for transport services) It also is time-barred after one year ? In this instance, after 10 years ?
@ Szymon
Jeśli nakaz nie został zaskarżony i się uprawomocnił, przedawnienie roszczeń z nakazu wynosi 10 years.
Witam Pana
when the limitation for claims in international transport convention CMR , from the date of completion of the service or from the date of the deadline .
Thank you for your help
@ jarek
A claim relating to you?
Welcome! I am seeking information, or if the carrier made transport from Polish to Denmark, However, the transport did not send any document, as a condition of payment at the customer, it is possible to refuse payment to the carrier completely? The case is the last year, in February. Currently, the carrier has locked us all payments from other branches, due to the lack of settlement of that debt. It has repeatedly been asked to send specifications and CMR, But to no avail. After such time, may demand payment and block other payments? The company has not received payment from the customer due to lack of documentation.
@ Mycha
I do not really understand. Carrier has not paid a single invoice, and he in return for refusing to regulate all invoices to You?
Exactly – This large company, has dozens of branches across Europe and in all branches of the payment has been locked. Explain that this, the balance is for all common. That their solidarity.
@ Mycha
Ale nawet jeśli domagają się płatności tej jednej faktury, to mogą potrącić ze swoimi zobowiązaniami, ale nie mogą wstrzymywać zapłaty pozostałych zobowiązań.
Exactly, I think the same. Unfortunately, however, the company intends to create big problems in this respect at each service. Generally the matter from my side appears as a closed. What can now be addressed in your opinion?
@ Mycha
If there is no will on the other side agreement, Unfortunately, there is nothing else than going to court.
Injury, I wondered the less' invasive’ way. I leave the final decision to take management. Thank you for your help and for your time! We greet 🙂
@ Mycha
There is not much other solutions, if someone does not agree with our arguments.
hello, I have a question I was charged with a note for the damaged goods . Note has been issued the day before the date of the annual performance of the carriage. At cmr were made entries damaged commodity , the driver does not agree with them and did not sign the protocol. Not done photos . forwarding claimed , that nothing happens , it's a formality this entry cmr.
Today, we get what we do note??
@ Astra
Please reject the complaint and send a note. there is a chance, that this will lead to a limitation of the claim. If you do not, you have to rely on the lack of evidence of harm. Same note is not sufficient.
Prowadzę działalność spedycyjną.Zlecam transporty innym firmom spedycyjnym lub przewozowym.Od czasu do czasu jest jakaś szkoda w transporcie. Jaki przepis reguluje czas zgłoszenia reklamacji o szkodzie w towarze w przewozie krajowym a jaki w międzynarodowym i jak to się ma do zgłoszenia szkody ubezpieczycielowi sprawcy ,najczęściej przewoźnika ,który tą szkodę wykonał.
Hello,
I have a question, gdyż jestem przewoźnikiem faktycznym i mojemu kierowcy dokonano wpisu w CMR o braku kodów kreskowych, na przewiezionym towarze. Wkrótce po tym otrzymałem od pewnej spedycji reklamacje od wykonanej usługi.
Czy rzeczywiście odpowiedzialność brak takiego kodu spoczywa na przewoźniku czy na nadawcy?
W jaki sposób mój kierowca ma sprawdzić takie braki?
Thanks and regards
@ Trodat
Disclaimer as to visible defects must be reported to the carrier immediately upon receipt, for invisible within 7 days. Limitation periods are usually a year since the event. Dates, in which the insured must report the claim to the insurance company, arising from the insurance contract.
@ peter crouch
And whether the consignment or the order indicated, that the product has a barcode?
Good morning,
since you by the Lord should count the period of limitation in the case of total destruction of the goods during transport? whether such a situation will have applied
art. 32 Convention pts. b, or c?
what do you mean about it?
p.s. As for the international carriage.
@ Luke
Jeśli towar dotarł do miejsca przeznaczenia, to należy go uznać za towar uszkodzony choć jego wartość wynosi 0. Jeśli towar nie dotarł do miejsca przeznaczony, jest wówczas towarem całkowicie zaginionym, więc stosujemy przepisy o zaginięciu.
Good morning,
czy w przypadku chęci dochodzenia zadośćuczynienia za śmierć osoby bliskiej, która zginęła w katastrofie lotniczej termin przedawnienia również wynosi 2 years(katastrofa poza UE)?
A która konwencja w tym wypadku wchodzi w grę?
@ Paul Judek
It seems to me, że Montrealska (katastrofa w Wenezueli w 2005 years).
Pozdarawiam
@ Tom
W mojej ocenie w takim wypadku roszczenia już wygasły.
@ Paul Judek
Thank you for your answer, ale chodzi mi o postawienie sprawy jasno – w takim przypadku obowiązuje konwencja montrealska, przedawnienie to 2 lata i koniec, so?
Jest to dla mnie sytuacja dziwna biorąc pod uwagę fakt dużo dłuższego okresu przedawnienia w sprawach o zadośćuczynienie za śmierć osób bliskich w polskim prawie cywilnym.
Hello,
a co w sytuacji, kiedy – przewoźnik zleca podwykonawcy transport i ten ostatni nie dokonuje wymiany palet. W wyniku takiej sytuacji zostaje obciążony przewoźnik nr 1. Minął już rok od przewozu,ale czy w tej sytuacji nie obowiązuje 6-miesięczny termin na regres od przewoźnika nr 2? Klient obciążył przewoźnika nr 1 dużo później, więc termin 6-miesięczny od naprawienia szkody jeszcze nie minął.
Thanks in advance,
Anne
Co do komentarza powyżej wymiana palet oczywiście była zawarta w zleceniu, przewoźnik po prostu zaniechał odbioru palet. Potem nie odpisywał na maile, wezwanie do zapłaty itd.
Jeszcze raz dzięki,
Anne
@ Anne
A czy pierwszy przewoźnik został z tego tytułu obciążony w ciągu roku od zdarzenia?
So, był obciążony w ciągu roku.
It seems to me, że w takim przypadku roszczenie regresowe powinno być wciąż aktualne…
@ Anne
Wydaje się rzeczywiście, że zastosowanie tu znajdzie art. 793 k.c. i roszczenie nie będzie przedawnione. Terminy z prawa przewozowego nie będą miały tu zastosowania, gdyż nie są to roszczenia oparte na prawie przewozowym.
Thank you very much 🙂
Welcome back:),
This time I wonder about the other situation. On behalf of the permanent contractor company adopted commissioned and commissioned them to the next carrier. Unfortunately, the product has not been adopted because of damaged goods. The company was charged with note. Counterparty recognized these receivables by offsetting. It's been half a year since the settlement. Can occur with recourse to the last carrier? Is it possible to use any other period in terms of a subcontractor, whether the claim is irrevocably barred? Since the non-acceptance of the goods is not a year has passed.
6 month to regress …concerns (wg mnie) Only successive transport. If we have a case where one carrier contracts the carriage to another carrier is the first in the role of “sender” with all the rights and obligations, They apply the normal limitation periods not 6 months from the damages or to bring an action.
@Andrzej Sikorski Thank you.
Does anyone else have an opinion on the?
@ philosophical, Andrzej Sikorski
I understand, we're talking about domestic transport and use of transport law, I half-year term in the CMR did not occur. Unfortunately I can not agree with Mr. Andrzej. Art. 78 paragraph. 1 pr. wire. here it is clear – refers both to Article. 5 (subcontractors) and Article. 6 (successive carriers). Personally, I think, that this provision is unconstitutional, but for now the courts in these matters have no doubt.
So in the case of international carriage into a homogeneous situation Bedz 1 year regress?
I also have a question, how to describe the situation changes in the post of 08.08.2016.r. (Anne – Palette) while the carriage is international?
Sorry for such a great number of questions :)…
As for the international carriage- in that case- when it comes to subcontracting rather than successive transportation then you can not claim recourse on the basis of the CMR Convention and must apply the provisions of the transport law? Frankly already at this time, despite reading doubt, what regarded as successive transport…
@ philosophical
Personally, I think, that in this case we use year term from the date indicated in the CMR, depending on the type of claim – although increasingly subcontracting will simultaneously transporting successive, and then just use Article. 39. but I know, that some courts use here of art. 78 pr. wire. although in my opinion there is in this regard no basis.
Dear Counselor, and as it would in the case of prescription claims for contractual penalties (for breach of contractual duties, not for the delay)? They can also be barred 1 years- in the context of traffic rights from the day they were due? And in the context of the Convention CMR- if the parties permanently cooperate with each other and do not contain every time a new contract of carriage?
Yours sincerely
@ Martyn
Też przedawniają się po roku – w przypadku prawa przewozowego od daty, kiedy najwcześniej mogły się stać wymagalna, a w przypadku CMR rok i 3 miesiące od zawarcia umowy przewozu. Umowa jest zawierana przy każdym konkretnym zleceniu nawet jeśli nie zawsze ma formę pisemną.
Hello, Mr. Counselor I have a question concerning the form of objections - after transport by me, I received notification of dirt carried my goods, that was sent to me by e-mail, Although this within 7 days of the damage not visible when unloading.
According to the regulations should be presented written, I received only in the form of mail (it was not even a scan of the magazine only a short note).
Is this form can be regarded as binding or you can dismiss a claim due to not comply with the form?
My question also raises the applicable law, in my case it will probably French law (according to the place of delivery) - I do not know how in this case the issue is regulated E-mail.
Additionally – the issue of limitation - the transport service was performed in January 2015, after reporting the lack of any complaints / letters in physical form until the day 12.09.2016 – this time we have not received any documents in physical form (or scans)
Thank you in advance for your understanding opinion,
Regards!
witam Panie Pawle! Bardzo cenną wiedzę przedstawia pan na swoim blogu ale mam jednak pytanie którego nie zadał tu nikt a na pewno wielu czeka na odpowiedź. Pytanie z ciut innej beczki daje tu bo nie wiedzialem gdzie je umiescic (nie znalazłem odpowiedniego wątku na blogu). Chodzi o coraz częstsze stosowanie kar umownych przez pseudospedycje i ludzi prubójacych sie dorobić na podwykonawcach w postaci badzo wysrubowanych obciażeń za np nie wyslanie faksu z dokuentami w ciagu 24h po rozładunku lub za niedostarczenie dokumentów z zagranicy w 7 dni spedycji…. czy takie kary umowne w zleceniu maja racje bytu w transporcie międzynarodowym który opiera się na konwencji CMR ? Jesli tak, to kiedy sie przedawniają? Mialem sytuacje iż wiozłem towar z kraju A do B w Unii. Przyjałem zlecenie do realizacji od przypadkowej nie znanej mi firmy. Chociaż go nie podbijałem ani nie podpisywalem bo byly tam wlasnie tego typu kruczki to towar zawiozłem. za ustaloną cene na komunikatorze trans, a w podbijanie zlecenia sie nie bawiłem bo czasem sie to zle konczy. Czulem ze firma jest nieuczciwa bo miala mase złych opinii. Dokumenty mialem wg ich warunkow których nie podbiłem doslac w 7 days. kierowca wyslal od razu po rozladunku (list zwykły), szły do Polski 2 weeks. Problemu nie bylo zadnego, nigdy nie przyszlo od “pseudospedycji” zadne pismo w tej spawie. Zapłacili zamiast po 45 dniach po 100 po upomnieniu (bo wg ich warunków termin wydłuza sie do tylu dni w przypadku opóźnienia w dokumentacji. Do tego dochodza kary ze zlecenia w postaci 100 eur za brak wysłania faksu z cmr 24h po rozładunku i brak oryginalnej cmr w 7 days, łącznie wyszła to 1/3 frachtu po skumulowaniu obu not – za takie pierdoły, których nawet nie da się udokumentować iz ktos poniósł przez to jakąś stratę (oczywiście że nie!). Nigdy nikt sie o dokumenty ani razu nie upomniał, iż są na “już” potrzebne. List od kierowcy jak tylko doszedł od razu wyslalem go dalej do nich razem z FV co dało kolejne 3 days. Firma zaplacila mi po 89 On (całosc, bez zastrzezen) , a jeszcze przed wyslaniem potwierdzenia ustalilem z nimi żeby dosłali mi potwierdzenie na maila iż nic nie beda wymyslac dodatkowo i obciażać a ja już tą zwłoke przełkne. Sprawa się teorytycznie zakonczyła ale po paru dniach od zaplaty dostali od nas nieprzychylną ocenę wspólpracy za “całokształt”. Postanowili sie zemscic (mam nawet dowod w postaci rozmowy iż nota wystawiona ponad 120 dni od wykonania uslugi i po pełnej zapłacie za nią byla wystwiona po zlosci w ramach rewanżu za “negatywa” którego nie mam zamiaru zmieniać. Nota w ramach “rewanżu” oczywiscie zatytuowana “za spoznienie w dokumentach itd”. Czy maja do tego w takim wypadku prawo? Noty odesłałem z informacją, iż ich nie księgujemy bo są bezzasadne….
Niektóre firmy maja nawet zapis ‘w przypadku braku kontaku z kierowcą przez okres dłuzszy niż 2h – kara 50 eur! <– czy takie cos tez można stosować przy transporcie miedzynarodowym?
Hello Sir Paul,
Mamy zleceniodawcę, który obrał sobie za cel niezapłacenie nam za faktury transportowe.
Powołuje się m.in. na argument przedawnienia, 25.06.2015 podstawiliśmy podwykonawcę realizującego transport ładunku luzem w relacji Pl -Cz,
2015-06-30 wystawiliśmy fakturę. W międzyczasie wystawialiśmy wiele wezwań do zapłaty. On odesłał podpisane i opieczętowane potwierdzenie salda 10 February 2016 z data 29-12-2015.
Teraz powołuje się na przedawnienie. Czy mam rozumieć ze 25.09.2016 faktycznie roszczenie zapłaty za wykonanie usługi transportu przedawniło się?
@ Ining
Not. Skoro dotarło do Państwa potwierdzenie salda w dniu 10.02.2016 r., to czynność ta przerwała bieg terminu przedawnienia. Od dnia 11.02.2016 r. przedawnienie zaczęło jednak biec na nowo, więc jeśli nie doszło do ponownego przerwania biegu przedawnienia do dnia 11.02.2017 r., roszczenie i tak jest już przedawnione.
Panie Pawle dałby pan radę wypowiedzieć się nt stosowania i egzekowania kar przedstawionych w moim poście z dnia 19/01/2017 the 02:33 ? Naa pewn wielu ten problem sspotkał bo staje się to nagminne…
Hello
Sir Paul, proszę o wypowiedzenie się w takiej kwestii
Przewoźnik wykonywał transporty w styczniu 2016 w ramach transportu przewidziany był również obrót paletami.
W sumie po wykonaniu kilku tras przewoźnik zostawił na magazynie klienta około 30 palet eur które miał odebrać przy najbliższej okazji a nie zrobił tego do dzisiaj.
Klient na dzień dzisiejszy ma zamknięte saldo paletowe i nie mamy możliwości odzyskania zaległych palet.
Przewoźnik po ponad roku przypomniał sobie o zaległych paletach i teraz rząda ich zwrotu.
Proszę o informację czy któryś z artykułów mówi wprost o obrocie paletowym i o przedawnieniu rozszczeń po roku czasu ?
Regards
Hello Sir Paul,
Mój problem polega na tym, że zostałem wydaje mi się bezpodstawnie obciążony przez spedycję.
Wykonałem transport owoców w lipcu 2016 roku na miejscu towar został sprawdzony i były problemy z temperaturą towaru ostatecznie towar został przyjęty i rozładowany otrzymałem komplet dokumentów CMR bez żadnego wpisu o szkodzie towaru.
At 3 miesiącach od transportu tj Wrzesień 2016 firma pomniejsza fracht spedycji o 1000€. Spedycja przepychała się z firmą pismami o niezasadnym obciążeniu koniec końców spedycja przerzuciła notę na mnie.
Czy nota została wystawiona podstawie czy spedycja dalej powinna się upierać o bezpodstawnym pomniejszeniu frachtu ?
Thanks in advance
Wiele zapewne zależy od konstrukcji umowy z Panem, czy macie jakieś cykliczne rozliczenia czy brał Pan to z transa na raz? Sprawa nie wygląda na tak prostą jak Pan to opisuje, bo nie byłoby wątpliwości i nie ma jak na Pana przerzucić noty?
Hello
Bardzo interesujący blog. I have this question, bo trochę czytam ostatnio na ten temat – czekam mnie sprawa z przewoźnikiem w sądzie.
Po pana radach i postach podpisałam stosowną umowę cesji z odbiorcą przesyłki (moim klientem).
Teraz czeka mnie pozew, proszę powiedzieć czy taki pozew to pozew o dochodzenie świadczenia pieniężnego – wartości uszkodzonego przedmiotu w przewozie i w związku z tym powinnam dochodzić najpierw roszczeń w postępowaniu nakazowym? (tak wyczytałam, że o roszczenia pieniężne najpierw jest nakaz zapłaty). To mała kwota czy opłata od pozwu to 30 zł (nie przekracza 2000 zł) or 5% wartości przedmiotu sporu
Czy tu dochodzę innego rodzaju roszczenia? Przewoźnik nie uwzględnił moich reklamacji i uważa, że do uszkodzenia nie doszło w transporcie.
Please help. Przedawnienie odsetek na gruncie CMR ? Klient uregulował fakturę ale bez odsetek za opóźnienie, kiedy one się przedawnią ? Rok na gruncie CMR – tak jak roszczenie ? or 3 lata na gruncie KC znajdzie tu zastosowania (118 KC) ?
Thank you
Witam Pana, czy orientuje się Pan czy terminy przedawnienia w prawie transportowym krajów Unii Europejskiej są inne niż w polskim prawie przewozowym? If yes, to jakie to są terminy? Niestety często spotykam się z tą problematyką w mojej pracy przy przy przewozach kabotażowych. Będę wdzięczny za informacje. Regards
Gregory – sam fakt niewłaściwej temperatury nie jest jednoznaczny ze szkodą. Strona uprawniona musi wykazać szkodę.
Prawo złożenia reklamacji ma nadawca ale po wydaniu towaru (tu nastąpiło wydanie) wyłącznie odbiorca towaru.
In sum – spedycja nie ma podstaw do potrącenia ponieważ:
a) nie wykazano szkody
b) nie są osobą uprawnioną do dochodzenia roszczenia w tym wypadku.
Wystąpić o zapłatę a jak nie zapłacą to do sądu.
@ Martin
Z tymi karami jest o tyle kłopot, że w każdym wypadku trzeba je oceniać indywidualnie, a i sądy mają do nich różne podejście. Generalnie jednak te kwestie nie są regulowane ani przepisami prawa przewozowego, ani Konwencji CMR. Obowiązuje tu zatem swoboda umów. Strony mogą więc uregulować te kwestie dowolnie pod warunkiem, że nie naruszają przepisów prawa i zasad współżycia społecznego oraz istoty danej umowy.
Please also note, że zdaniem sądów terminy przewidziane w umowie muszą mieć charakter realny. Nie jest więc dopuszczalne obciążenie kogoś karą za naruszenie terminu, którego nie da się dotrzymać. Kara umowna może być nałożona co do zasady tylko gdy zachodzi wina przewoźnika, więc jeśli np. niezwłocznie nadał dokumenty pocztą a te szły przez dłuższy czas, nie można przypisać przewoźnikowi winy i tym samym również nie można nałożyć kary umownej.
Niezależnie od powyższego kary umowne mogą być zmiarkowane jeśli są rażąco wygórowane. To do sądu należy ocena, co w danej sytuacji jest rażącym wygórowaniem. Czasami sądy miarkują kary za niedosłanie dokumentów terminie do zera, a czasami je podtrzymują. Dużo więc zależy od sądu i zastosowanej w sporze argumentacji.
Zdarzają się też orzeczenia, że niedopuszczalna jest podwójna kara tzn. wydłużenie terminu płatności i kara umowna. Sądy wówczas akceptują tylko wydłużenie terminu, a karę uznają za niedopuszczalną.
@ Mac
Przepisy prawa przewozowego i Konwencji CMR nie regulują kwestii obrotu paletami, ale ten obowiązek może być składnikiem umowy przewozu. W tej sytuacji roszczenia o rozliczenie palet przedawniają się po upływie roku. Jeśli ten okres już upłynął, roszczenia są przedawnione.
@ Grzegorz i Andrzej Sikorski
In accordance with Article. 30 paragraph. 1 CMR w braku stosownych zastrzeżeń przy rozładunku lub w ciągu 7 days, jeśli wady były niewidoczne, there is a presumption, że towar był w należytym stanie. Zgadzam się z Panem Andrzejem, że sam fakt niewłaściwe temperatury nie jest równoznaczny z uznaniem, że doszło do powstania szkody.
Jestem przy tym przekonany, że spedycja sama nie ma udokumentowanej szkody, więc w przypadku sporu sądowego będzie w dość trudnej sytuacji. Z tego względu należałoby się od spedycji domagać zapłaty zaległego frachtu.
@ Barry
Roszczenie o zapłatę odszkodowania zawsze ma charakter pieniężny. Można je wystosować w postępowaniu upominawczym – na nakazowe raczej nie ma szans z uwagi na brak odpowiedniej dokumentacji potwierdzającej zasadność roszczenia. Przy tak małej wartości przedmiotu sporu będzie to jednak postępowanie uproszczone, gdzie też są zryczałtowane opłaty na poziomie niższym niż 5 % claim.
@ Paulina
Roszczenie o zapłatę odsetek jest roszczeniem niezależnym od roszczenia głównego i w tym wypadku zastosowanie znajdzie 3 letni termin przedawnienia wynikający z KC, o ile oczywiście do tej umowy przewozu znajduje zastosowanie prawo polskie.
@ Pawel
Z reguły są to roczne terminy. Musiałbym jednak wiedzieć, o jaki konkretnie kraj chodzi, żeby się bardziej szczegółowo wypowiedzieć. Proszę też pamiętać, że nie zawsze przewóz kabotażowy jest równoznaczny z zastosowaniem prawa kraju, w którym był wykonywany przewóz. Jeśli zlecenie dostał Pan od polskiego podmiotu, to w braku odmiennych regulacji w umowie, do takiego przewozu zastosowanie ma prawo polskie.
@ Pawel
Z reguły są to roczne terminy. Musiałbym jednak wiedzieć, o jaki konkretnie kraj chodzi, żeby się bardziej szczegółowo wypowiedzieć. Proszę też pamiętać, że nie zawsze przewóz kabotażowy jest równoznaczny z zastosowaniem prawa kraju, w którym był wykonywany przewóz. Jeśli zlecenie dostał Pan od polskiego podmiotu, to w braku odmiennych regulacji w umowie, do takiego przewozu zastosowanie ma prawo polskie.
Bardzo dziękuję za odpowiedź. W mojej pracy często mam do czynienia z przewozem kabotażowym w Niemczech, Holandii, Francji i Wielkiej Brytanii i niestety ciężko mi znaleźć informacje na ten temat. Będę wdzięczny za bardziej szczegółową odpowiedź. Pozdrawiam Paweł
@ Paul
So as I wrote, It is that cabotage is taking place in the country, yet nothing about prejudice, because it is crucial, whether the client is an entity Polish. If it is not, indeed as a rule it will be the right place of the carriage (chyba że umówiono się na inne prawo).
Hello ,
w jakim czasie firma zlecająca nam transport może nas obciążyć za reklamację . Wpis został umieszczony na dowodzie dostawy, że na betonowym kręgu są odpryski. Dostawa miała miejsce 24-10-2017 r. A dzisiaj dnia 7 May 2018 r. otrzymaliśmy obciążenie od klienta na 400 € . Transport wykonywany był na terenie Niemiec. Mamy w załączniku kopie z dnia 21-11-2017 r. , gdzie odbiorca obciąża firmę Schenker za uszkodzenie towaru . Dalej Schenker obciąża z datą 16-01-2018 r. naszego zleceniodawcę . A my ostatecznie otrzymujemy pismo dnia 07-05-2018 r. I would add ,że wcześniej nie zostaliśmy poinformowani, że zostało wystawione jakiekolwiek obciążenie. Czy nie upłynął już czas wymagany na złożenie reklamacji w stosunku do nas ? Czy po takim czasie Firma zlecająca nam transport może nas obciążyć?
Good morning. 03 listopada nastąpi przedawnienie szkody powstałej w wyniku kradzieży. Firma poszkodowana zwróciła się do nas, jako podmiot zobowiązany, do złożenia oświadczenia, w którym zgadzamy się na przedłużenie terminu przedawnienie o trzy miesiące, tj. do 3 February 2019 years. Nie znalazłam źródła, które umożliwiałoby takie rozwiązanie. Czy taka czynność byłaby poprawna? Regards, Anne
@ Sabina
Not, jeśli zastrzeżenie było wniesione od razu przy dostawie, można dochodzić roszczeń aż do czasu przedawnienia czyli w tym wypadku przez rok.
@ Anne
Na gruncie polskiego prawa to niemożliwe, ale w innych krajach np. w Niemczech już tak. Skutki dla przedawnienia będą rozpoznawane wg prawa sądu rozpoznającego sprawę.
Good morning,
I have a question, czy wezwanie o zapłatę przewoźnego skierowane przez przewoźnika do kontrahenta zawiesza termin przedawnienia na gruncie konwencji CMR? W konwencji mowa o reklamacji i mam wątpliwość, czy takie wezwanie może być traktowane jako reklamacja? Czy są może jakieś wyroki sądów w tym zakresie?
Sir Paul,
And what about the situation where the carrier rejects the claim? Is regulated is a matter of timing and forms, in which they should do it? Or, if the matter is already obsoleted, whether the carrier can still reject such a claim?
Regards
Good Day Sir Paul,
Does the principal have the right after 3 months and 17 days from the day of unloading, send a debit note for a loose grain in the country, without warning us about it?
There was no mention of loads in the transport order, or about the acceptable loss. The weight discrepancy is 120 kg. No additional annotations in the consignment note. It wasn't until today, asking about their weight tolerances, that we obtained information from to 100 kg.
The carrier carried out the order for us, to whom payment for this service has long been settled. The client, on the other hand, explains the delays in operation, citing Covid, only now did they find time.
In connection with the above. this limitation may be considered, is there a year to report damage in the country and I have to accept this charge?
Hello, I have performed several transport contracts , i have not cleared over 150 palette , the transport and the settlement date of the pallets has already passed 18 months, whether this type of claim has expired, of course it was on the pallets 18 months ago, the invoice was issued. Regards Grzegorz